《参考》
Fifty Largest U.S. Cities Fluoridation Status
City Population(X1,000)│ Fluoridation
Status/Year
New York 7323 1965
Los Angeles 3485
1999
Chicago 2787
1956
Houston 1631
1982
Philadelphia 1586
1954
San Diego 1111
Not Fluoridated
Detroit 1028
1967
Dallas 1007
1966
Phoenix 983
1990
San Antonio 936
Not Fluoridated
San Jose 782
Not Fluoridated
Indianapolis 742
1951
Baltimore 736
1952
San Francisco 724
1952
Jacksonville 673 Natural
Columbus 633
1973
Milwaukee 628
1953
Memphis 610 1970
Washington 607
1952
Boston 574
1978
Seattle 516
1970
El Paso 515
Natural
Nashville-Davidson 511 1953
Cleveland 506
1956
New Orleans 497
1974
Denver 468
1954
Austin 466
1973
Fort Worth 448
1965
Oklahoma City 445
1954
Portland 437
Not Fluoridated
Kansas City 435
1983
Long Beach 429
1971
Tucson 405 Voted
St. Louis 397
1955
Charlotte 396
1949
Atlanta 394
1969
Virginia Beach 393
1952
Albuquerque 385
1974
Oakland 372
1976
Pittsburgh 370
1952
Sacramento 369
Not Fluoridated
Minneapolis 368
1957
Tulsa 367 1953
Honolulu 365 Not
Fluoridated
Cincinnati 364
1979
Miami 359
1952
Fresno 354 1954
Omaha 336
1969
Toledo 333 1955
Buffalo 328
1955
微量元素 (Micro_minerals/Trace_elements) 必須16種◎
◎鉄(Fe) 0.004%
◎スズ(Sn)
◎マンガン(Mn) 0.0003%
◎モリブデン(Mo)
◎銅(Cu) 0.00015%
◎バナジウム(V ) 1971
◎亜鉛(Zn) (Trace)
◎ケイ素(Si) 1972
◎コバルト(Co) (Trace)
◎フッ素(F ) 1972
◎ヨウ素(I )
◎ニッケル(Ni) 1973
◎セレン(Se)
◎ヒ素(As) 1975
◎クロム(Cr)
◎鉛(Pb) 1981
微量元素の年号は、最近の必須性の確認年度